Getting One Step Closer to Curing Color Blind Eye Deficiency #3

Last week, I finished the first sketch for the first model of how an eye works and started with the another sketch for the second model. During that time I did more research for how contacts work and I am still not sure what type of contacts I will use for my project. With that, I was trying to find a diagram for what happens in the eye when there is this deficiency. What I learned from myself is that it takes a lot of research and time for this 20 Time project before you get an idea on how you should present your idea. The only setback I had was not figuring out what type of contacts would be necessary to cure this. Since I was not able to work on my project this week due to being sick, next week I will be continuing the sketch for the model. I can apply how other people feel about color blindness with my project because it gives me more motivation to work on the contacts.

Unit 8 Reflection

This unit was about change within a species and the geological history behind it. Some of the essential understandings in this unit include what is the difference between natural selection and evolution, another big topic was the constant change between a species (gene pool), also this unit discussed about speciation and how it affects a population, finally the origin of life was another essential understanding. From this unit, I want to learn more about Earth's past, and the things that contributed to what our world looks like today. From my previous blog post, I made a reflection for a timeline that my group and I completed in class. With that, I wonder what the first animals looked like on Earth and how they adapted to their environment. This topic interests me a lot and I think it is great to learn about evolution in biology class. From unit 7, everyone in the class, was shown a video on how to be assertive, from that I realized that I am becoming more assertive when working on group projects. Though, I still think that I may be a little passive because I usually do not take the role as a leader when working with more than one person. In the end, as a group, my teammates and I all show assertiveness and that really does bring our whole group together making us work more efficiently with the time provided. This concludes my reflection for Unit 8. 

Geological Timeline Reflection

In this project we made a timeline of Earth's history on 10 meter paper. Some major events that happened in Earths history include: the birth of Earth, the first mammals, and the triassic extinction. 4.5 billion years ago, the planet that we live on was first a ball of dust and rock particles and there was attraction called gravity in which then the moon would have formed around that time of gravitational pull. About 4.2 billion years later, was when Earth had the first mammals. These mammals were spreading all around and they were rodent like creatures who were nocturnal. Though 20 million years later, there was a mass extinction that killed around 80% of the animals living and this extinction was called the Triassic extinction. This mass extinction made the large dinosaurs lead the world, they were the most dominant land animals. Earth's history definitely had many ups and downs but most of all it created life. I think of Earth's history as a scarf that is being knit. Why I say that is because there are a few little mistakes and then some big ones but it still continues in an organized order. The mass extinctions definitely surprised me when learning about the history of Earth. Humans caused the most impact on other species and plants leading them to extinction due to the necessities that we need. This is a little bit worry some because it still continues in different parts of the Earth presently.

Getting One Step Closer to Curing Color Blind Eye Deficiency #2

For the past few weeks I have been doing a lot of research on what causes color blindness and what an eye looks like without that deficiency. I started to make a presentation but I soon then realized that making a model would express my 20 time project even more. Last week, I started to make a blueprint for the model. I concluded that I will be making two designs of an eyeball. One design will be a normal vision eyeball and the contents of what it can do to make you see color. For the second design it will be the same size as the other design but inside the model, there will be a display of what makes you color deficient. Right next to that model, there will be a levitating contact lens showing what a laser incision may do to help color blindness. Obviously, the model contact will not look like a laser but it will act as a display. I have been studying what type of contacts I may use. I am still on the fence about it but this is a struggle for me to find out if I want a contact that will be on the eye or inserted inside (laser). Overall, I am on a successful track that will soon lead me to my end product. For the next week, I will be working on the blueprints and I will find out more about different contacts. This concludes my second blog post

Hunger Games Analysis Questions

1. In this lab, my class and I went outside and simulated a real world population survival between different organisms/species. How we survived in the lab was by "eating" and "reproducing" in order to continue this so lifestyle. There were three groups of species in the lab: pinchers, knucklers, and stumpys. Overall, we tested out how populations evolve over time also known as natural selection.

2. The phenotype that was the best at capturing food was the "Pinchers" in which they can pick up the food between their thumb and index finger and they had an advantage of using both hands to grab food quite easily. The frequency of the "A" allele drastically changed as the lab continued (50% to 16%) while the "a" allele frequency increased significantly (50% to 83%).

3. The population definitely evolved throughout this simulation experiment and we know that because the population of the "stumpys" decreased due to having a difficulty in retrieving food by the wrists in which the population started to die out. With that, the "knucklers" and "pinchers" had an advantage over each generation. The frequency of the "A" allele drastically changed as the lab continued from .5 to .16, while the "a" allele frequency increased significantly from .5 to .83.

4. When doing this experiment, some random events occurred  when it came to reproducing and how much a pocket can fill up with the "food". When reproducing, the "species", my classmates and I, chose who we reproduced with and it varied quite a lot along the way. The random moment with carrying the food was uncontrollable due to people having bigger pockets than others and the mobility. The nonrandom moment was how everyone picked up food, the specific species, throughout each generation. The random moments definitely effected the population in which one "pincher" classmate had a harder time picking up food.

5. The results would definitely be different if the food was larger than the corks, such as a softball. If the food was as large as a softball, the "A" allele frequency would be a higher percentage than the "a" allele frequency due to "stumpys" having a bigger advantage than the "knucklers". If this occured in an environment, the three different species may migrate to the different areas to get the food that will be easier for them to consume.

6. The results will be different, if there was no incomplete dominance, "knucklers". That would mean that there would be no knucklers in which in the end of each generation, the stumpys would decrease significantly.

7. The relationship between natural selection and evolution is that natural selection is the mechanism that drives evolution while evolution is the genetic makeup of a population over time.

8. Strategies that individuals adopted throughout the experiment includes how some species decided to mate with the pinchers in order to have the likelihood of survival for their offspring and using shirts as an advantage to achieve more food.

9. In evolution, the whole population evolves and natural selection acts on both genotype and phenotype, with that, my justification for this is revealed through my graph.

10. If this lab continued, would the allele frequency reach a limit?

Bird Beak Lab Conclusion!

In this lab, we asked the question "If natural selection occurs in a population, how do changes in selective pressure affect the evolution of that species?". My hypothesis for part 1 of the lab was " If there are winners and losers, then tweezers will win due to gaining most food while spoons will lose having difficulty with obtaining food". My group and I tested the 4 beaks and the tweezers had the most food in which it gained 38 chicks while the spoon beak only gained 10 chicks. In the end of part one, we found out that both scissor and tweezer beaks are the winners while spoon and binder clip beaks are the losers. The tweezers had more grip on the fake food while the spoon had no grip and very little chance with scooping up the little rubber pieces. This data supports my claim because my hypothesis was correct in the end giving me an understanding of how different phenotypes work in nature.

For part 2, we asked the same question but with a change in how many items you need to survive (10 pieces of food instead of 5) for each viable offspring. My group and I found out that this will make it harder to survive for all 3 years making each type of beak have less offspring. Tweezers still had the most offspring with the number of 13 while the spoon beak did not survive withing the first year with having not count of food in which that meant that there would be no future for the spoon beak phenotype to thrive. This information is based on the lecture notes we had for homework for the past week. My data supports my second hypothesis which is "If we tested with the different beaks, then later on the popultation will be mostly tweezers." since the tweezer will have the most offspring to survive for the future due to the beak gripping the food with ease.
While our hypothesis supported our date, there could have been errors due to miscounting the amount of food each beak gained or if the food spills out of the lab area making it difficult to obtain food in the given time. Due to these errors, in future experiments I would recommend to count carefully and do it once or twice to make sure the amount of food you picked up is the right amount to determine if that beak phenotype will survive. Also pushing the two tables together will help prevent the loss of food that gets out of the lab-tested area.
This lab was done to demonstrate Charles Darwin's conclusions which are there are winners and losers; in the end most the population looks like the winners. From this lab, I understand more about Darwin's observations and conclusions with the help of the vodcast notes for homework that was given throughout the week. Based on my experience from this lab I already had little pieces of information that helped me comprehend what was going on through the two tests. This concludes my conclusion.